转自:http://hi.baidu.com/joeyhuang1127/blog/item/623df2f49550086bddc474d6.html
ai文件输出jpg，为什么必须是用切片的？ 本来一直以为就像许多其他图形软件一样，ai有另存为jpg的功能，即在默认情况下，另存出来的jpg图的大小和文件的长宽尺寸一致。但今天工作中，当再次需要用ai输出jpg时，我还是不相信ai的特殊性，自说自话地在默认情况下，用ai输出了一张jpg，结果尺寸超级奇怪，也不知道这是不是算是ai的一个bug，反正就是出来个没有理由的jpg尺寸。 后来没办法，去网上查了才知道，在ai中若想导出jpg图，还必须先加一个矩形，作为裁剪区域，然后“对象->裁剪->建立”。这样才能导出你想要的jpg图。此外，还有个问题就是，一般用ai做的文件多半是需要印刷使用的，这样一来就势必是使用CMYK模式的，CMYK模式导出来的jpg图，在电脑中浏览的话，那个色彩效果简直无法想象。所以现在明白了个道理，为什么大家都喜欢用ai导出pdf文件作为传输浏览文件。一来色彩不失真，二来便于打印，还有个比较重要的就是，可以无须建立裁剪框即可默认尺寸输出。
A CSS Framework by Mike Stenhouse on May 22 2005, 16:20
In my Modular CSS article I documented the possibility of breaking down stylesheets into components that could be reused across projects. All well and good. The next logical step is to extend this to become a CSS framework, allowing rapid development of sites with pre-written and tested components. All that’s really required to produce this is a set of naming conventions and a flexible base template…
Who is this for?
If you’ve been creating sites with CSS for a while you may be getting frustrated with having to recreate and retest basic layouts on a regular basis. In this article I’m trying to illustrate a simple way of skipping the tedious startup on your average project, letting you get to the interesting stuff as quickly and efficiently as possible. I’ve not attempted to explain the layouts included here so it may not be suitable if you’re a CSS beginner. Sorry about that… Feel free to dissect them yourself if you’re interested; I’ve kept them as simple as possible.
How many layouts are there?
Well, loads but the majority of them fall into rough groups. Any framework must account for the most common layouts, otherwise it’ll never get used.
• Vertical navigation with one content column
• Vertical navigation with two columns of content
• Horizontal navigation with one content column
• Horizontal navigation with 2 columns of content
• Horizontal navigation with local navigation and one column of content
• Horizontal navigation with local navigation and 2 columns of content
These 6 cover most of the blogs out there and most of the corporate sites as well. How can we structure a document so that it’ll be useful in all 6 of these scenarios?
What are the common elements?
Malarkey had a shot at pinning down websites’ common elements and giving them names a while back but I want something a little more general so that the building blocks can be retasked without slipping their labelling.
So… what are the common building blocks in the above 6 layouts?
• Header
• Footer
• Main content
• Sub content
• Main nav
• Local nav
These elements are used mix and match across most sites you visit so these are the constituent elements that any framework will have to cater for. No designs will use all of them but most will use header, footer, main content and main nav with optional sub content and sub nav.
The ideal structure
For me the most important single aspect of accessibility is the source code order: if it makes sense you’re well on your way to building an accessible site.
You can’t spent much time on the accessibility mailing lists or forums without someone being told that they should structure their HTML so that the content preceeds the navigation. This stops screenreader users from having to sit through the site’s navigation every time they travel to a new page. You can get around this with skip links but that’s an extra link to follow…
So, in an ideal world, how would we structure our websites?
1. Header
2. Main content
3. Sub content
4. Local nav
5. Main nav
6. Footer
This source order follows the exact structure people are expected to want: once they have read/listened to the content of your page they are most likely to want to navigate within the current section or to related pages. After they have worked their way through those they’ll probably want another section of your site so the main navigation follows.
The page structure
This page structure above looks something like this when turned into (X)HTML:
The magic of CSS
We’re going to need some farily advanced CSS tricks to turn this source order into useful layouts. They all have to be flexible, to account for text resizing, which with the footer rules out absolute positioning…
The eureka moment for me was when Dunstan published his absolutely positioned menu technique as part of his Mozilla Europe work. Suddenly it became possible, using an incredibly sneaky trick, to pull the nav bar from the bottom of the source and use it horizontally in the header and still allow for text resizing. Now that’s genius.
Then you’ve got the negative margin tricks for moving floats around. I first came across these when Ryan Brill posted about them on Mezzoblue… Dead handy.
If we’re going to use floated layouts we’re going to need some way of clearing the contents. I could put clearing divs into each of my elements but there is the black magic clearfix method by Tony Aslett that will do this for me, keeping the source clean.
A few other things that might come in handy:
• Body ids to switch styles
• Display: inline to cure IE’s double float bug
See where I’m going with this?
We have a single, flexible source document that will take a variety of content and a load of CSS techniques to manipulate them… To make this framework useful I have to be able to get my single source document to display as any of the common layouts listed above. Once that’s done I’ll be able to drop any content into the HTML framework, plug in the appropriate layout stylesheet for the design, tweak it and the job will be done. No more rewriting XHTML and CSS for every project; every time I start I will begin work with a solid foundation that I can tweak to fit the specifics of the job. Startup time will be next to nothing.
Back to our five main layouts
Okay, so the source code is fixed. What we want is to be able to plug in tried and tested layout stylesheets for reuse on future projects. I’m going to stick with fixed width layouts for this because they’re simpler but using negative margins we could get these fluid with a bit of extra work.
• Vertical navigation with one content column
• Vertical navigation with two columns of content
• Horizontal navigation with one content column
• Horizontal navigation with 2 columns of content
• Horizontal navigation with local navigation and one column of content
• Horizontal navigation with local navigation and 2 columns of content
Achieved: Level 2!
That’s it – all the common layouts done with pluggable stylesheets and ready to go. They’re set up in a kind of Zen Allotment for you to have a flick through…
If you want to have a play with these yourself, all the source files are packaged up in quick-grow zip file.
30/11/2007 UPDATE: I’ve uploaded a slightly updated version of the framework. Very little has changed but a few people have voiced concerns over the lack of a formal license. Taking advice from Paul Jones (thanks!) I’ve added the new BSD terms, which are about as open as they come. I’m happy for people to use the framework for whatever they want. If you do, please drop me a line – I’d love to see what you come up with!
1、把它颠倒过来
2、把它摆平
3、把缩小
4、把颜色变换一下
5、把它变为圆形
6、使它更大
7、把它变为正方形
8、使它更小
9、使它更长
10、使它闪动
11、使它更短
12、使它发出火花
13、使它可以看到
14、点燃它
15、使它逾起一般情况
16、使它发萤光
17、把它放进文字里
18、使它沉重
19、把它插进音乐里
20、使它成为引火物
21、结合文字和音乐
22、使它成为引火物
23、结合文字、音乐和图画
24、参加竞赛
25、结合音乐和图画删除文字
26、参加打赌
27、不要图画
28、使它成为年轻型的
29、不要文字
30、使它成为壮年型的
31、沉默无声
32、把它分割开
33、使它重复
34、保守地说
35、使它变成立体
36、夸张地说
37、使它变成平面
38、当替代品卖
39、变换它的形态
40、发现新用途
41、只变更一部分
42、减掉它
43、使它成为一组
44、撕开它
45、为捐献或义卖而销售
46、使它化合
47、鼓励它
48、用显而易见的
49、机动化
50、把要素重新配置
51、电气代
52、降低调子
53、使它活动
54、提高调子
55、使它相反
56、割开它
57、它像是某种东西的代替品
58、混合在一起
59、使它罗曼蒂克
60、改用另一种形式表现
61、增添怀旧的诉求
62、使它的速度加快
63、使它看起来流行
64、使它缓慢下来
65、使它看起来像未来派
66、使它飞行
67、使它成为某种物品的部分代替
68、使它浮起
69、使它更强壮
70、使它滚转
71、使它更耐久
72、把它切成片状
73、运用象征
74、使它成为粉状
75、它是写实派
76、以性欲作诉求
77、运用新艺术形式
78、使它凝缩
79、变为摄影技巧
80、使它弯曲
81、变换为图解方式
82、使它成对
83、使它变更形式
84、使它倾斜
85、用图画说明你的故事
86、使它悬浮半空中
87、使用新广告媒体
88、使它垂直站立
89、创造新广告媒体
90、把它由里向外翻转
91、使它更强烈
92、把它向旁边转
93、使它更冷
94、摇动它
95、增加香味
96、把它遮蔽起来
97、变换气味
98、使它不对称
99、把它除臭
100、使它不对称
101、将它向儿童诉求
102、反它隔开
103、将它向男士诉求
104、使它与其他相敌对
105、将它向妇女诉求
106、使它锐利
107、价钱更低
108、变更它的外形
109、抬高价格
110、要它绕一周
111、变更成份
112、把它框起来
113、增加新成份
114、把它卷成一圈
115、拧搓它
116、把它填满
117、使它透明
118、把它弄成空的
119、使它不透明
120、把它打开
121、用不同背景
122、把拼错
123、用不同环境
124、给它起我上绰号
125、使它富有魅力
126、把它封印起来
127、使用视觉效果
128、把它移转过来
129、使用另外的物料
130、把它捆包起来
131、增加人的趣味
132、把它集中起来
133、变更密度
134、把它推开
135、置于不同的货柜
136、使它成为交替的
137、变换包装
138、使它凝固起来
139、使密度增加
140、使它溶化
141、小型化
142、使成凝胶状
143、增加至最大限
144、使它软化
145、把它除掉
146、使它硬化
147、使它轻便
148、使蒸发变为汽化
149、使它可以折叠
150、加上抑扬顿挫
151、趋向偏激
152、使它更狭窄
153、如夏天炎热
154、使它更宽广
155、如冬天寒冷
156、使它更滑稽
157、使拟人化
158、使它成为被讽刺的
159、使它更暗
160、用简短的文案
161、使它发光
162、用冗长的文案
163、使它灼
164、发现第二种用途
165、使它更有营养
166、使它合成在一起
167、把它倒进瓶中
168、把它当作用具来卖
169、把它倒进罐中
170、使它清净
171、把它放进盒中
172、把它倒进壶中
173、把它倒进缸中
174、把它弄直
175、把它褶曲
176、把它缠起来
177、提升声誉
178、免费提供
179、以成本价出售
180、提供特价
181、增加慰藉的诉求
182、提供维护服务
183、运用不同的织法
184、使它变成香郁宜人
185、使它变成酸的
186、使它濡湿
187、使它脱水
188、使它干燥
189、把它冻起来
190、把它抛出去
191、使它无刺激性的
192、使它单纯化
193、使它具有刺激性的
194、把以上各项任意组合
